Vania



2 Sheets-Sheet 2. E. L. MERRIMAN 8v J. W. VOUGHT.

(N0 Model.)

SAND DRIER.

vNo. 591,413 Patented Oct. 12,1897.

ses.

scribed, and pointed out UNITED STATES PATENT GFF-ICE.

EURIE L. MERRIMAN AND JOSIAH W. VOUGHT, OF SCRANTON, PENNSYL- VANIA.

SAND-DRIER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 591,413, dated October12, 1897.

' d Application led February 3, 1897.-l Serial 110.621,846. (No model.)

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that we, EURIE L. MERRIMAN and JOSIAH W. VOUGHT, ofScranton',in the county of Lackawanna and State of Pennsylvania, haveinvented certainnew and useful Improvements in Sand-Driers; and'we dohereby declare the following to be a clear,

-ties or to prevent its immediate utilization in the manufacture ofplaster compounds, (itc.A

The invention consists in certain novel details of construction andcombination and arrangements of parts, all as will be now departicularlyin the appended claims.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is ay transversesection through a drier embodying our present invention. Fig. 2 is asection taken longitudinally through one end. Fig. 3 is an endelevation. Fig. 4 is a top plan view ofthe ventilator or,v grate withthe slats open. Fig. f5 is a top plan view l with the slats closed. Fig.6 is an elevation of the slat for controlling the position of the grateor damper slats. view of one of the ventilators; Fig. 8 is alongitudinal section through the grate when the slats are opened lt-otheir fullest extent. Fig. 9v is a View of one of the ventilator-slats.Fig. lO is an elevation of one of the supports for the heating-pipes..'Fig.` l1 is 'a similar Fig. 12 is a pertire apparatus.

away to illustrate the clearly. Y Y- l Y Like letters of reference intheseveral iigures denote the same parts. y

In carrying this invention into practice we preferably make use of a.bin or hopper into Fig.,7 is a top plan,

which the sand is dumped in bulk and from which it is drawn through 4thedrying mechanism by a continuous process, .although provision is madefor regulating the rapidity with which the sand travels through thedryig mechanism, thereby adapting the apparatus for operation upon sandcontaining various amounts of moisture. As shown, the hopper is in theform of a rectangular casing, preferably open at the top and into whichthe sand may be dumped or shoveled and having at the bottom adischarging apparatus, preferably a screw conveyer, for discharging thesand at a single point, although lan inclined chute or other means foraccomplishing this end may be employed, if so desired.

Arranged within the casing A is a system of heating or steam pipes b,the arrangement of pipes being such that those near the top of thesystem are more widely separated than those near the bottom, in orderthat every particle of the sand may be duly heated by being brought intoproximity to a heatingpipe, but at the same time there will be little orno tendency to clog up between the pipes, as would be the case if itwere attempted to pass damp sand between closely-spaced pipes. Thevpipes themselves are supported by crosspieces b', Fig. l0, havingnotches in which the lpipes rest and by which they are positioned, `thearrangement of notches being such that Qthe pipes in each succeeding rowwill be beneath the spaces in the next higher row.

. Between the rows of pipes and arranged lhorizontally through thesystem' ofpipes is a system of separators or sand-breaks C, Figs. l, 2,and 7, preferably each provided with branches c and hollowed out beneathor V shaped to form channels, through which moist air or steam from themoist sand may escape. The particular shape of the separators or :breaksin ycross-section is immaterial, it being preferable, however, thattheir upper surfaces should be inclined at such'an'angle that the sandwill not nd a lodgmentthereon, but in falling over the edgesof theseparators it will form passage-ways throughv the sand itself, throughwhich the air may circulate and from which the air may be withdrawn IOOby a system of ventilator-pipes E, running along each side of the casingand communicating with these passages by a short transverse pipe D,extending through the casing. The ventilator-pipes E communicate with astack or uptake B for carrying olf the moist air or steam and creating adraft through the body of the sand, as it were. lVe preferably employtwo systems of separators or breaks, one above the other, and with thoseof the lower 'system arranged between those of the upper system orbeneath the spaces in the upper system, as shown clearly in Fig. 2, bywhich arrangement all of the sand passing through the apparatus iscaused to pass by an open space, so to speak, andthe moisture containedtherein is free to evaporate and be carried off by the gentle current ofair traversing such space.

For the purpose of regulating the rate at which the sand shall passthrough the apparatus we provide a system of grates or dampers havingrelatively narrow spaces between the slats and capable of being openedor closed to a greater or less degree to permit of an increased ordiminished fiow of'sand. These grates (lettered H in the drawings) arepreferably arranged in proximity to the lower row of heating-pipes andare adapted to be raised or lowered by set-screws b4, Fig. 1 Each grateconsists of a frame having pivoted therein a series of slats, thepivotal point of each slat being in proximity to one edge, as shownclearly in Fig. 8, whereby in opening the slats it is not necessary toovercome the sand-pressure, as would be the case were the slatscentrally pivoted. Vhen the slats are in horizontal position, a space e2is left between them of sufficient width to allow a minimum feed ofsand, and in order to lower and raise or open and close the slats weprovide a transverse slat e', arranged centrally of each frame andadapted when turned down to the position indicated in Fig. 8 to permitthe slats H to open sufliciently to give a maximum feed of sand. Theslats c are each provided with a crank-handle h, projecting through theslide of the casing and by which they may be turned to raise or lowerthe slats II, as will be readily understood.

Vith a view to supplying heated air to the sand to carry off themoisture therefrom through the separator-passages before mentioned, wepreferably arrange heating-coils b2 in longitudinal passages F in t-hebottom of the casing, such passages, if desired, being formed ofinclined sides K, constituting the bottom of the sand-receptacle.adapted to be closed by dampersf,are formed in the end wall of thecasing leading into the passages F at one end, and at the opposite endsaid passages open out into the space beneath the heating-pipes b, asshown in Fig. 12, whereby air traveling through the passages Fis heatedand dried7 and passes thence through the sand as it drops through theSystem ot' heating-pipes and into the separator- Openings f, V,

passages, from whence it is carried off, as before described.

In order to remove any excess of air and to effect a more completedrying of the sand, pipes E2 open into the casing at D2 beneath thesystem of heating-pipes and grates and communicate with the stack. Thesepipes are at the opposite end from that through which the air enters thesand-receptacle, and as a consequence a relatively large volume of airis caused to traverse the sand as it falls away from the system ofheating-pipes, removing the last vestige of moisture therefrom.

For removing the sand from the receptacle we preferably arrange a screwconveyer in the bottom portion thereof, although it will be understoodthat any means may be provided for this end, or the sand may be simplyallowed to fall from the receptacle into the mixers or other appliancesfor handling the sand in its future treatment.

To further insure against any possible lod ging or clogging of the sand,we preferably provide a system of knockers L, Fig. 1, mounted on alongitudinal shaft G and adapted when said shaft is oscillated to strikethe under side of the grate or the slats e and impart a sufficient shockthereto to dislodge any accumulation of sand. The shaft G extendsthrough the end wall of the casing, as shown in Fig. 12, and is providedwith an arm and spring g, adapted to be struck by projections g on awheel G2, rotated by a belt or other gearing from a pulley J2 on theconveyor- IOO shaft, or it may be driven from any other v suitablesource of power.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim as new is- 1. Asand-drier comprising a receptacle for the sand having entrance anddischarge openings at the top and bottom respectively, a system ofheating-pipes arranged in said receptacle and constituting irregularpassages through which the sand passes to the discharge-openings, andgrates having movable slats arranged immediately beneath theheating-pipes for regulating the discharge of sand and the length oftime the sand shall be held in contact with said pipes; substantially asdescribed.

2. A sand-drier comprising a receptacle having entrance and dischargeopenings at top and bottom, an interposed system of heatingpipes andventilators interposed in said pipes for the purpose of drawing themoisture from the sand passing between the pipes and an adjustable gratelocated immediately beneath the pipes and above the discharge-openingfor regulating the discharge of sand and the length of time the sandshall be held in contact with the pipes; substantially as described.

3. A sand-drier comprising a receptacle for the sand having entrance anddischarge openings at top andbottom, an intermediate system ofheating-pipes with ventilators for withdrawing the moisture vaporizedfrom said pipes,

IOS

IIO

hot-air iiues or passages arranged at the bottom of the receptacle toheat the sand which has already passed through between the'heating-pipes and communicating with the receptacle at a higher point tosupply heated air to the body of sand for carrying off the vapovrizedmoisture; substantially as described.

4. A sand-drier comprising a receptacle having a discharge-opening atthe bottom and an interposed system of heating-pipes between which thesand passes, and ventilators formed by inverted -V shapesand-separators, said separators being arranged at different levels andwith those at the lower level opposite the spaces between the higherseparators, and having transverse V- shaped branches Witnesses:

THos. B. HowE, ALEX. S. STEUART, C. P. WILSON.-

